Huawei OLT fiber access system networking and applications

An optical access network uses light as the transmission medium, replacing copper wires, to connect to every home. It consists of three parts: the optical line terminal (OLT), the optical network unit (ONU), and the optical distribution network (ODN). The OLT and ONU are the core components of the optical access network. They are key components of the optical access network.

The diagram is shown below:

Optical Communication Network Diagram
The OLT is a key component of the optical access network, equivalent to a switch or router in traditional communication networks, and also provides a platform for services. It is typically located on the board side, providing a fiber interface for the passive optical network (PON) facing users. Its main functions include:

This part is the upper-layer network, providing upstream access to the PON (Passive Optical Network). Downstream traffic is connected to the ONU via the ODN network (composed of optical fiber and passive optical splitters). It implements functions such as ONU control, management, and ranging. The ONU is a client device in the optical network, located on the client side. It works with the OLT to implement Ethernet Layer 3 functions and provide voice, data, and multimedia services to users. Its main functions include:

Selecting and receiving data sent by the OLT;

Issuing management commands in response to the OLT, enabling appropriate adjustments;

Buffering user Ethernet data and sending it upstream within the transmission window allocated by the OLT.

In short, it is like a commander, commanding the Batman of each ONU, providing us with low-cost, high-speed communication services, connecting us more closely through light, and technology changing our lives.